The female gonads are in the body and perform the dual task of producing germ cells and secrete female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
The ovaries are organs that are in the shape of almonds and the large size of 3.5 cm in height, 2 cm wide and 1 cm thick; in girls before puberty, are smaller, as in old age.
He has a rather hard texture and the surface shows a different conformation of the age: before puberty is smooth during the fertile period characterized by numerous protrusions in draft form because of the importance of the follicles in the process of formation and bodies lutea, with age appear many scars to atresia of the follicles and, finally, after menopause, smooth returns for its numerous scars.
The ovary is covered by visceral peritoneum, but from an ovarian epithelium, which however have the same embryological origin of the peritoneum.
The ovary is kept in place by means of fixation represented by four ligaments: the suspensory ligament of ovary, ovarian vessels made from the lumbar region and accompanied by connective fibers and smooth muscle, ligament uteroovarico, which joins the lower pole of 'ovary superolaterale corner of the uterus where it implants in the back of the tube, the Mesovarium, short breaks away from the peritoneal ligament back page of the broad ligament of the uterus and ovary and reaches the front edge that is formed by two layers of peritoneal nerves and vessels which run between ovarian ligament tuboovarico, which combines the superior pole of the ovary to the fimbrosa tuba.
The ovary consists of two portions: a cortex, which contains the ovarian organelles (which are represented by the follicles and corpora lutea) and bone marrow.
The arteries are derived genital artery (which arises from the aorta in the abdomen, at the level of 2L) and the ovarian branch of uterine artery.
The veins pour into pampiniform plexus which flows right into the inferior vena cava and left renal vein.
The lymph nodes are issued by and preaortici paraaortici.
The nerves are derived from uteroovarico plexus and pelvic plexus.
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